A Khol moment...
"Not learning tends to take place when someone has to deal with unavoidable challenges to her or his personal and family loyalties, integrity, and identity."
When the student teacher unintentionally called Nick by the wrong name it was a blow to his personal identity, she took away what made Nick, Nick. This can all be tied back to what Khol says about taking away a child's culture and identity and the affects it has on their learning. Just like with Nick, Kohl describes a moment where the child shuts down and refuses to learn from the person who took that piece away from them. He calls this a "I won't learn from you moment", a classic shut down with crossed arms, a pouty face and a bowed head. When this happens there is no learning happening with the child, which, of course, negatively affects the child.
a kohn moment...
"Is it possible that telling kids that they've done a good job may have less to do with their emotional needs than with out convenience?"
Kohn clearly states that saying good job is more about the adults need to say "Good job", rather than the actual long term benefit of the child. Saying "Good job" after a student accomplishes something is a force of habit; your not aware of the phrase, until you are made aware. The two words are said SO often in a child's school environment and home life, that the meaning behind them is lost. This is shown when Mary sought out my praise, but could not recognize that she had actually done well when playing the math game. The convenience of this praise takes away from the actual accomplishment the student makes and is proven to have no long term benefit. Children are less likely to persist with difficult tasks and focus more on receiving praise, instead of actually doing well on the project set forth in front of them. Not only does it crush a child's confidence, but lessens interest in the activity. Which of course is the complete opposite of what any teacher's intentions are.